Definition and Examples of Diction in English

In rhetoric and composition, diction is the choice and use of words in speech or writing. Also called  word choice.In phonology and phonetics, diction is a way of speaking, usually judged in terms of prevailing standards of pronunciation and elocution. Also called enunciation and articulation. Etymology From the Latin, to say, speak Example The principal meaning of diction is the selection and use of words or the manner of expression. But this fact does not rule out, as some purists would like to do, the companion meaning of mode of speaking or enunciation.(Theodore Bernstein, Miss Thistlebottoms Hobgoblins, 1971) Concrete and Abstract Diction Concrete and abstract diction need each other. Concrete diction illustrates and anchors the generalizations that abstract diction expresses. . . . The best writing integrates concrete and abstract diction, the language of showing and the language of telling (explaining).(David Rosenwasser and Jill Stephen, Writing Analytically, 6th ed. Wadsworth, 2012) Diction and Audience Diction will be effective only when the words you choose are appropriate for the audience and purpose,  when they convey your message accurately and comfortably. The idea of comfort may seem out of place in connection with diction, but, in fact, words can sometimes cause the reader to feel uncomfortable. Youve probably experienced such feelings yourself as a listener--hearing a speaker whose words for one reason or another strike you as inappropriate.(Martha Kolln, Rhetorical Grammar. Allyn and Bacon, 1999) Levels of Language Sometimes diction is described in terms of four levels of language: (1) formal, as in serious discourse; (2)  informal, as in relaxed but polite conversation; (3) colloquial, as in everyday usage; (4)  slang, as in impolite and newly coined words. It is generally agreed that the qualities of proper diction are appropriateness, correctness, and accuracy. A distinction is usually made between diction, which refers to the choice of words, and style, which refers to the manner in which the words are used.(Jack Myers and Don Charles Wukasch, Dictionary of Poetic Terms. University of North Texas Press, 2003) Small Surprises Your diction, the exact words you choose and the settings in which you use them, means a great deal to the success of your writing. While your language should be appropriate to the situation, that generally still leaves plenty of room for variety. Skillful writers mix general and particular, abstract and concrete, long and short, learned and commonplace, connotative and neutral words to administer a series of small but telling surprises. Readers stay interested because they dont know exactly whats coming next.(Joe Glaser, Understanding Style: Practical Ways to Improve Your Writing. Oxford University  Press, 1999)Note the placing of the single low word in [Dwight]  Macdonald’s brilliantly high-flown definition of the academic prose that had already begun to jam the college libraries: The amount of verbal pomposity, elaboration of the obvious, repetition, trivia, low-grade statistics, tedious factification, drudging recapitulations of the half-comprehended, and generally inane and laborious junk that one encounters suggests that the thinkers of earlier ages had one decisive advantage over those of today: they could draw on very little research. The low word, of course, is  junk. But it helps to light up a bravura sentence full of useful noncolloquial phrases:  drudging recapitulations of the half-comprehended  is a permanently good definition of the danger posed by college courses without standards, and  low-grade statistics  has the merit of starting another discussion altogether.(Clive James, Style Is the Man. The Atlantic, May 2012) Exactness, Appropriateness, and Accuracy Word choice and usage come under the heading of diction. Some people seem to think that when it comes to word choice, bigger is always better. But using a word just because it is big is a bad idea. Youre better off using words for their exactness, appropriateness, and accuracy than for their size. The only time a bigger word is a better choice is when it is more accurate. In any case, the final decision to use this word over that should be based on the audience for whom youre writing.(Anthony C. Winkler and Jo Ray Metherell, Writing the Research Paper: A Handbook, 8th ed. Wadsworth, 2012) Weasel Words One of our defects as a nation is a tendency to use what have been called weasel words. When a weasel sucks eggs the meat is sucked out of the egg. If you use a weasel word after another, there is nothing left of the other.(Theodore Roosevelt, 1916) T.S. Eliot on Words Words strain,Crack and sometimes break, under the burden,Under the tension, slip, slide, perish,Decay with imprecision, will not stay in place,Will not stay still.(T.S. Eliot, Burnt Norton) Pronunciation: DIK-shun

Drama Performance Free Essays

Elements belonging to personal stories enable audiences to gain wider insights and respective into stories. Ann Frank is a character who is quite lovable; Frank is a typical teenage girl the responder perceives Frank as a positive persona for the situation she is in. Although Frank is growing up in a corrupting society she is still talking about stereotypical teenage conversation such as boys and fighting with siblings. We will write a custom essay sample on Drama Performance or any similar topic only for you Order Now Despite her situation Frank gets on with her life â€Å"l live in a crazy time†, Ann Frank shows naivety and needs to be protected this manipulates the audience to empathic her suffering. Her Diary entries are typical of a thirteen year old such as gossip about school friends and Jokes. Frank is in a terrible situation during WI and the holocaust, Franks positive view intrigues the audience into loving her character. The responder gets an insight into the frightening atmosphere the Frank family endured through Anne Franks use of first person and detail. Ann Franks story is a voice for those who were harmed because of their ethnicity, race or color. The Diary of a Young Girl by Ann Frank reveals the racial segregation Jewish people faced during the Holocaust in the sass’s and sass’s. HOC Online Recommendations tort Critical Important questions to ask yourself: Do I enjoy research? Analysis: Ђ Do I have access to enough resources? Do I have areas I wish to explore that are within the perimeters or the research criteria? Do I have a clear area of focus within my set topic? Will I be able to make solid conclusions from the materials I research and the topic I have chosen? Do I have the time to do this task adequately? Do I have a solid knowledge of language and clarity in my ideas and expression? Ђ Do I have access to a computer where I can edit, type and amass my ideas and eventually present them in the correct format? Unique: The Applied Research Project gives you the opportunity to frame your own specific rear of study within a topic of interest to you. It gives you the further opportunity to approach it using any sources or resources at your disposal and to conduct research t your pace. Furthermore, because it is a constant work in progress you do not na ve the pressure of performing and being assessed on the ‘day but being able to present your months of work in submitted form and thus all your process can be evidenced. Skills: The ability to synthesis information The ability to communicate ideas The ability to make assumptions and assertions from well-rounded sources and evidence An ability to use language concisely and appropriately Good analytical skills HOC Online Recommendations for Performance Individual Project Christmas holidays plus Year 12 term one: Begin performance practice, before an audience, with a short dramatic work. This may be the piece you are presenting for the HOC or something else. Year 12 term two: decide on your piece and perform it within the set time, remembering you will be stopped if you go overtime. Year 12 Term 3: Polish your piece and make it performance ready. Checkpoints: Do I understand the requirements of the project? Ђ Do I know the type of performance I want to present? Have I looked through a large number of scripts? Is the text I’m studying being studied by me in any other part of the HOC? (You cannot perform a play you are studying anywhere else in the HOC) Have I performed for an audience? Have I checked the timing of my performance? Have I organized my costume and props? Does my performance display strong characterization? Coherent? Do I know my lines? Tips (10): see plenty of performances get some performance practice read past exam reports don’t forget it is a performance and not Just a speech Ђ use minimal props don’t rush your performance Is my performance know how to use your ensure you have an appropriate relationship with the audience heavily on recorded sound know your lines don’t rely know your performance space and use it well A list of pitfalls: Students fall into these traps: thinking they have plenty of time and failing to complete the performance project not knowing the lines not working with an audience during the development of the performance. Leaving all your performance until the last moment relying too heavily on props, costume or sound during the performance. Ђ going overtime going undermine Generating ideas Brainstorm Possible themes, situations, characters, settings, performance styles and other material that interests the student. Select Students should select material which inte rests them and has possibilities. Research Collect newspaper and magazine articles, samples of scripts, extracts from plays, poems, monologues, short stories, pictures, song lyrics, letters, scenarios or advertisements. Trial Trial some of the material by reading, dramatist’s and improvising dialogue, movement and theatrical styles. (This could be done with partners). Shape and analyses your material Select, write, redraft, adapt and edit while focusing on the idea of a one-person performance. At this point a concept should begin to emerge from the material. The performance at this stage may be a work in progress which will eventually evolve into a full performance. Staging the material Consider the material in terms tot a whole integrated theatrical performance. T n ere needs to be a sense of a beginning, middle and end within the performance. It is not simply an audition piece. The following questions need to be considered: What is engaging about the performance? How can the engaging elements be emphasized? Is it clear what the performance is about? What are the key moments? How do the staging anticlerical techniques heighten these moments? How are setting, mood, situation and character established? Is there enough variety, I. E light and shade ? Does the blocking keep the audience interested? Are there any transitional moments? How do these add to the performance rather than detract from it? How does the character develop within the piece? Is the stage space used effectively, maintaining a clear actor audience relationship? Creating the character Students should have developed reasonable skills and resources for creating and developing a character in the preliminary course. These skills should be used as the basis for character development. The following strategies will help students create a character; Develop a character profile. Analyses the character’s motivation and subtext. Exercises in physicality’s the character: stance, movement, gestures and facial Develop the character’s voice, focusing on key words, expression, expression. Create a sense of the character’s development from start to finish. Timing, etc. Incorporate business (attributes and actions) that reflects the character and his or her emotional state. Include essential props and costumes. Ђ Hottest and use other belief building exercises that involve the rest of the class. Adding production elements Students need to approach this area with caution. An over reliance on production effects can detract from a n effective performance. The rule of thumb is that the focus should always remain on the performer and production effects should be minimal and limited to those essential to the work’s meaning (Creative Arts KOLA Handbook. Page 69). Production guidelines Ђ Setting: use only what is required on stage to suggest the setting, or what is actually used by the performer. Costumes: costumes should complement and enhance the character. Remember that performers in dark colors can be lost against a dark background. Ђ Sound: often provides an effective introduction to the mood and location. It may also give a performance a sense of completion or provide a heightened effect to a dramatic moment. Ensure you obtain a good quality recording. Lighting: should be kept simple and not used to solve staging problems. It is usually best to use the lights up at the start and leg lockout during an individual performance. Rehearsing the performance ants down at the end approach . Avoid a The following steps can be used by students to bring the performance to its final stage: Book the performance space early and organize for the technician, partner or teacher to sit in with a stopwatch. How to cite Drama Performance, Papers

Duties Responsibilities Directors Officers †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Duties Responsibilities Directors Officers? Answer: Introduction The Corporations Act, 2001 (Cth) is the act which dictates the manner in which different aspects of the companies in Australia are to be conducted, as it provides different provisions for its incorporation, its winding up, constitution and other related provisions for the companies (Abbott, Pendlebury and Wardman, 2007). Under Part 2D.1 of this act, the directors of the company, along with the officers of the company in certain cases, have been given certain duties, which have to be fulfilled by them, or else, civil and criminal penalties are imposed on the relevant breaching individual (Gibson and Fraser, 2014). The case of McGellin v Mount King Mining NL (1998) 144 FLR 288, deals with such a breach of director duties based on the conflict of interest (Austlii, 2017a). And through this discussion, the different aspects of this case, with a particular reference to the breached duty, have been elucidated. Background of the Case In this case, the plaintiff had been the director of the defendant. The case was made for the oral contract which the plaintiff entered into with the defendant on July 03rd, 1996 whereby it was agreed that the plaintiff would be issued shares in the company at one cent per share price, where the par value of such shares was 20 cents. This promise was made in consideration of funds which were contributed towards the exploration work cost by the plaintiff, on defendants behalf. This particular Management was stated to have been entered in the board meeting and was pleaded to cover the implied terms regarding the issuance of the shares by the defendant to the plaintiff, after contribution of funds and in a reasonable time frame (Austlii, 2017a). The plaintiff contented that he had made a contribution of $1500 for the exploration costs and this amount was paid to the bank account of defendant on August 21st, 1996. And that the defendant had breached in their agreement as the promised 150,000 shares were not issued to the plaintiff at all, within a reasonable time frame of August 21st, 1996. And so, a claim was initiated for the alleged contract to be specifically performed; and in case that is not possible, to be paid damages and interests as per the value of 150,000 shares, which stood at $108,000 on the basis of 72 cents for each share. This price was attained from thee price which was paid by the company who took over the defendant and acquired all of its shares on February 04th, 1967 (Austlii, 2017a). The key matter which was related to the director duties in this case was regarding the material interest. In case the contract had been made, was the article 15.15 of the Article of Association of the defendant was beached, as the director had not precluded himself from voting on an arrangement or a contract, where the director had a material interest. And in case the contract had been made, was that to be deemed as void of voidable, as the contract which was performed in this case by the plaintiff had been contravened by the defendant, which would allow the plaintiff for specific performance for the share allotment or for the damages in lieu of it (Austlii, 2017a). Duties breached Section 191 of the Corporations Act requires the directors to disclose the material personal interest which they have. As per this section, it is the duty of the directors to notify the other directors regarding material personal interest where a conflict is raised (WIPO, 2015). The material personal interest is related to the affairs of the company, or something which is being transacted at the meeting, where the director should notify the other directors about their material interest in such transaction (Austlii, 2017b). A contravention of this section results in both civil and criminal penalties. So, where a material personal interest is raised, it is the duty of the director to notify the other directors as per this section (Paolini, 2014). The term material personal interest has not been defined, but the meaning of the same can be clarified as the matter which has some real substance, and which has the ability of the vote of the director being influenced (Cassidy, 2006). Hence, the directors are required to give the details of both the nature and the extent of their interest in the particular issue. The rationale behind this section is to avoid any conflict of interest, which can make a transaction unfair (Latimer, 2012). In the case of McGellin v Mount King Mining NL, the director failed to disclose that he made entered into an oral contract with the plaintiff for allocating him certain shares for the work being done by the plaintiff on behalf of the company. And yet the director voted upon the acquisition of shares by Sipa Resources International NL, without informing the board of this conflicting situation (Austlii, 2017a). Hence, the director duties in this case had been contravened. Apart from breach of section 191, there had been breach of different other duties of the directors, particularly of section 180, which required the director to be show care and diligence in discharging their duties and using their powers (Federal Register of Legislation, 2017). This was clearly not done due to the conflict of interest present in this case. Apart from this, the directors had a duty under section 181, of good faith, under section 182, use of position of company director in a diligent manner and under section 184, to work in good faith and proper purpose (ICNL, 2017). By allowing a conflict of interest to be present, where they had material person interest in the transaction being undertaken they failed to work for the best interest of the company, and so, the duties stated here, were breached. Also, they misused their position by promising the plaintiff that he would be given the shares, and was actually not given any, so the director actually misused their position and fooled the plaintiff. Hence, the presence of material personal interest led to a conflict of interest, effectively translating in the breach of director duties. Critical analysis of decision court This case became famous for the definition of material interest given by Justice Murray, which has been since quoted a number of times in other cases. As per the judge, the material meant the interest which involved a relationship of an actual substance regarding the matter at hand, or the proposed contract or arrangement (GWRDC, 2012). In this manner, the very nature of the interest had to be taken under consideration, in terms of having the capacity of influencing the vote of a director in the matter of particular decision (Lacey, 2015). The substance of interest, its capacity and the very nature of it had to be considered for having an impact over the directors ability to discharge their fiduciary duties (Bartholomeusz, 2015). The judge stated that the plaintiff had director or indirectly, but not too contingently or remotely, a material personal interest. And in this context, the claimed contract which would provide the defendant to reimburse the plaintiff for the contribution made in the exploration works cost was tainted by conflict of interest. However, the claims of the plaintiff could not be upheld as the alleged contract could not be established to have been made before the court. Hence, to award the specific performance or the claimed damages was not possible for Justice Murray. And so, the appeal made by the plaintiff was not upheld (Austlii, 2017a). Even though the points stated by the judge in this case were quite right, but in the view of the writer, the decision given was unfair on the plaintiff. This is due to the fact that the court did not uphold the breach of fiduciary duties on part of the director, where they clearly should have been. The director did not disclose that he had made plaintiff the promise of being allocated certain shares. This resulted in a conflict of interest situation being present. Economics, the part where the judges stated that it was difficult to contest these points, due to the oral contract not being able to be proved before the court of law, which ultimately led to the failure of plaintiffs claims, was correct. Conclusion Even though the claims of the plaintiff in this case could not be established owing to the lack of the establishing that an oral contract had indeed been formed between the plaintiff and the defendant, this case continues to be quoted more than often, as a result of the definition of material personal interest given by Justice Murray. This case is not only significant in respect of this definition, but also presents a strong case for drawing up written contracts. Had a written contract been drawn in this case, the breach of director duties could have easily been established due to the presence of material personal interest and a conflict of interest; and this would have allowed the plaintiff to either get the specific performance of being allocated the promised shares, or being paid the compensation amount, as was calculated by the plaintiff on the basis of the business of the defendant being acquired by another company. References Abbott, K., Pendlebury, N., and Wardman, K. (2007) Business Law. 8th ed. London: Thomson. Austlii. (2017a) Thomas Paul Mcgellin Ors v Mount King Mining Nl (Acn 060 118 201) Anor [1998] WASC 96 (7 April 1998). [Online] Austlii. Available from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/cases/wa/WASC/1998/96.html?context=1;query=McGellin%20v%20Mount%20King%20Mining%20NL [Accessed on: 18/09/17] Austlii. (2017b) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] Austlii. Available from: https://www6.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdb/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/ definitions [Accessed on: 18/09/17] Bartholomeusz, S. (2015) Directors Duties Duty To Avoid Conflicts Of Interest. [Online] You Legal. Available from: https://www.youlegal.com.au/directors-duties-duty-to-avoid-conflicts-of-interest/ [Accessed on: 18/09/17] Baxt, R. (2007) Duties and Responsibilities of Directors and Officers. 19th ed. Sydney, NSW: The Australian Institute of Company Management. Cassidy, J. (2006) Concise Corporations Law. 5th ed. NSW: The Federation Press. Federal Register of Legislation. (2017) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] Federal Register of Legislation. Available from: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2013C00605 [Accessed on: 18/09/17] Gibson, A., and Fraser, D. (2014) Business Law 2014. 8th ed. Melbourne, Pearson Education Australia. GWRDC. (2012) Directors Interests Policy. [Online] GWRDC. Available from: https://www.gwrdc.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/GOV1-Directors-Interests-Policy-WEB.pdf [Accessed on: 18/09/17] ICNL. (2017) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] ICNL. Available from: https://www.icnl.org/research/library/files/Australia/Corps2001Vol4WD02.pdf [Accessed on: 18/09/17] Lacey, A. (2015) Avoiding a conflict of interest: what can directors do?. [Online] McCabes. Available from: https://www.mccabes.com.au/avoiding-conflict-interest-what-can-directors-do/ [Accessed on: 18/09/17] Latimer, P. (2012) Australian Business Law 2012. 31st ed. Sydney, NSW: CCH Australia Limited. Paolini, A. (2014) Research Handbook on Directors Duties. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar. WIPO. (2015) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] WIPO. Available from: https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text.jsp?file_id=370817 [Accessed on: 18/09/17]

Kahn and Verifiability

Summary Essay -Once more to the lake essays

Summary Essay -Once more to the lake essays E.B White, the famous author of Stuart Little and Charlottes Web, also wrote the person essay Once More to the Lake in which he explores the relationship between father and son. The essay starts off with a father talking about his experiences as a child camping with his father in 1904 on a lake in Maine. During this he gets the great feelings that he once had as a child camping and decides to relive them again. He is now a father who has a child himself which he decides to bring along with because his son has have never had any fresh water up his nose and thought this would be a great experience for the both of them. On his way to Maine he wonders how much different the holy spot may be and if he still will love this place like he used to. After settling into a camp near a farmhouse and getting that summer feeling, he thought things couldnt be much different. He defiantly knew it the next morning lying in bed, smelling the bedroom, and hearing his young boy quietly sneaking out to go off along the shore in a boat. Lying in his bed he starts to imagine his son has him and that he was his own father. He would be in the middle of simple acts such as picking up a bait box or laying down a table fork and he would suddenly get the feeling that it was his father doing these things or saying the words and it started to give him a creepy sensation. The next morning he and son went fishing. He felt the same damp moss covering the worms in the bait can, and saw the dragonfly on the tip of the rods as it hovered over the water. The arrival of the dragon fly convinced the father even more that everything was as it had always been. They both sat their while fishing and the father looks over to the boy staring quietly and sees that it is his hands that is holding the rod and his eyes watching the water. He is confused and feeling dizzy and doesnt know which rod he was at the end of. ...

News Analysis Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

News Analysis Paper - Essay Example As a result of this disaster, severe air, water and milk contamination incidents have been observed in Japan and United States with research relating deaths of infants and other horrendous diseases to Fukushima’s nuclear fallout. However, silence of governments of Japan, US and Canada and involvement of industry lobbyists in policy making and control mechanisms against nuclear fallouts have been heavily criticized by environmentalists. In addition to the article written about the Fukushima disaster, which elaborated it to be worse than anticipated (Huff), there are many other articles that can be used as supporting evidence for indicating faulty government approaches and risks arising because of it. It was found that due to the nuclear fallout caused by natural calamities in 2011, the operations of the nuclear plant in Fukushima have been suspended. Analysis of a similar subject by Martin Fackler stated that the nuclear plants are not expected to resume its operations anytime soon. Japan was considered as a substantial market player in nuclear energy due to its ability to cover power shortages with the help of nuclear power. Now the country that initiated this trend is now attempting to phase out nuclear energy gradually. However, the possibility of Japan completely moving out of the nuclear industry is most likely to be ruled out due to the magnitude of its nuclear operations (Davies). Although the nature of possible side effects remain unidentified, it can be ascertained that Japan’s government is taking measures to gain local authorities’ support before resuming its nuclear operations and mitigate the risks of such natural calamities in future. According to Mangano and Sherman, the said nuclear disaster has been a cause for deaths of infants in the United States with death toll equivalent to thousands. The same disaster has been considered to have a similar impact on environment as the Chernobyl meltdown in the 1980s. Apart from the fact s shared regarding death statistics, the article further reveals the possibility of increase in the number of deaths in United States due to Fukushima in the near future. This hypothesis was based on the increased number of reported influenza and pneumonia cases which showed a five time increment in the regular cases reported. Mangano and Sherman further shared the reasons for infants’ deaths including undeveloped immune systems and higher doses of radioisotopes. In addition to Mangano and Sherman sharing their concerns about Fukushima being equal to Chernobyl in death tolls, geologists and oceanographers have expected the overall impacts of the Fukushima fallout being higher than Chernobyl’s. The comparative study of the Baltic and Black Seas with reference to these two disasters states that the reading of radioisotopes is extremely high in the recent case (Wasserman). When most of the media coverage states the possible side effects of Fukushima on Japan, Canada and U S, they exclude to mention how most of other 55 Japanese nuclear reactors locating in or near the zones are susceptible to earthquakes. On the other hand, Mangano and Sherman have further stressed considering the death tolls of Chernobyl as well as Fukushima before designing or approving further nuclear reactors globally. Another study on the subject matter conducted by Harvey Wasserman describes how

Pharrell Williams and Robin Thicke Versus Marvin Gayes Case Essay - 1

Pharrell Williams and Robin Thicke Versus Marvin Gayes Case - Essay Example Marvin’s children said that the money they demanded was what they believed their father would have been given had he signed his song with the label. Robin and Williams argued that the family only had a right to the sheet music and not the sound. In fact, earlier they had sued Marvin’s estates in order to stop them from going ahead with their copyright infringement case. However, they both did not claim to have written this song together but independently. They held on to their innocence and said they were not through with the case yet. An additional $8000 is also to be added to the amount given to Marvin Gaye’s estate. This case has brought down Williams reputation as a songwriter as he was ordered to pay $1.6 million while Robin $1.7 million (Grow). Copyright infringement occurs when anybody breaches the restricted rights of another person’s material whether words, sound or pictures. This rule is seen as theft as the violator uses a copyrighted material without the owner’s authorization (Campbell, Cotter & Center for International Legal Studies, 2). Even though the two songs do not have the same sound, the words in the two songs are similar and this constitutes a breach. The two musicians have violated Marvin Gaye’s song even though they argue that the sheet music is what Gaye copyrighted.